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Trig ratios, identities, equations, reduction formulas and the sine/cosine/area rules.
Watch the full lesson before attempting practice questions.
Master these ideas before attempting exam questions.
All trig functions positive in Q1. Only Sin in Q2. Only Tan in Q3. Only Cos in Q4.
sin²θ + cos²θ = 1 and tanθ = sinθ/cosθ are essential. Know them by heart.
sin(A ± B) and cos(A ± B). Used to simplify and prove identities.
sinθ = k gives θ = sin⁻¹(k) + 360°n or θ = 180° − sin⁻¹(k) + 360°n.
Sine rule: a/sinA = b/sinB. Cosine rule: a² = b² + c² − 2bc·cosA. Area = ½ab·sinC.
Commit these to memory — they appear in almost every exam.
These are your learning targets for Trigonometry.
Avoid these errors — they cost marks every year.
Every equation like sinθ = k has two families of solutions. Write both.
The reference angle is always measured from the horizontal x-axis, not the vertical.
When given two sides and an angle not between them, check for two possible triangles.
Request CAPS-aligned study materials for Trigonometry.
Comprehensive CAPS-aligned notes covering all key concepts, theorems, and worked examples for Trigonometry.
NSC-style exam questions with full memorandum. Ideal for timed practice and self-assessment before exams.
Graded practice questions organised by difficulty. Perfect for building confidence before Paper 2.
Straight answers to common Grade 12 CAPS questions about Trigonometry.
Trigonometry in Grade 12 CAPS includes identities, equations, reduction formulas, general solutions, and graphs. It is one of the key Paper 2 topics and often needs both algebra and pattern recognition.
Memorise the core identities, practise simplifying expressions line by line, and learn when to use reduction formulas. Repeated exam-style practice helps you recognise common patterns much faster.
Common mistakes include using the wrong identity, losing signs in different quadrants, and forgetting the general solution. Many learners also rush graph questions and miss key features.
CAPS exams usually test identities, equations, trig graphs, and reduction formulas in Paper 2. Questions often build in stages, so method marks matter a lot.
Book a focused session with Chris Khomo and work through this topic step by step — at your own pace, online, from anywhere in South Africa.